My research comprises various investigations into the physics of surfaces and interfaces. I have studied the effects of ion-bombardment, which is like sand blasting at the atomic scale, on the electrical and structural properties of crystalline metal surfaces, and remain active in that project through collaboration with the University of Rhode Island Surface Lab. Also, as part of a large collaboration with researchers at URI and Brown University, I am using photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize a special passivation layer that develops on Li-ion battery materials.